Transaction Search Form: please type in any of the fields below.
Date: April 29, 2024 Mon
Time: 8:20 pm
Time: 8:20 pm
Results for south africa
11 results foundAuthor: Arnott, Jayne Title: Rights Not Rescue: A Report on Female, Male, and Trans Sex Workers' Human Rights in Botswana, Namibia, and South Africa Summary: This study deployed qualitative methodologies to produce a rich data set illustrating the complexities of the issues confronted by sex workers in Botswana, Namibia, and South Africa. Researchers held focus groups in order to engage respondents in joint discussion regarding their working conditions and experiences before moving into collecting more in-depth information related to health and rights. Upon completion of the research, the proposed findings and recommendations were presented to a focus group of study participants. Their suggestions helped to refine and prioritize the recommendations. Details: New York: Open Society Institute, 2009 Source: Open Society Institute Public Health Program Year: 2009 Country: United States URL: Shelf Number: 115745 Keywords: BotswanaHuman RightsNamibiaProstitutionSouth Africa |
Author: Shearar, Ashley Fritha Title: 'At the heart of the matter': A comparative analysis of youth justice transformation between New Zealand and South Africa Summary: During the mid-1980s, Māori families challenged New Zealand's social welfare system, reclaiming their right to be involved in decisions about their children. Around the same time, parents and community groups protested the detention of hundreds of children in South Africa during the Apartheid era. These experiences helped shape both countries' youth justice systems, which reflect restorative justice principles and international standards for children's rights. The research reported here is the first in-depth comparative analysis to compare New Zealand and South Africa's journeys to alter their youth justice systems. It asks the following key questions: - What were the key conceptual influences that shaped youth justice transformation in New Zealand and South Africa? - What do both countries' experiences of youth justice transformation reveal about the role of individuals, advocacy coalitions, and international influences in shaping policy and practice? Using a phenomenological research approach, key role players from both countries were interviewed. These interviews discovered that social entrepreneurial factors gave direction to policy outcomes. All participants described their commitment to changing the status quo following their exposure to the inhumane conditions experienced by children and young people in conflict with the law. This prompted them to promote policies that diverted children from the justice system and prevented re-offending while still holding children to account for their behaviour and encouraging them to repair the harm. The participants explained their motivation to find policy solutions that empowered children, families, and victims. In both countries, social entrepreneurs resisted opposition and joined forces to develop convincing arguments for their position. This research confirmed the advantages of government support to advance social entrepreneurial ventures. Policy transfer was also found to play a role in the change processes in both countries. This study identifies how both New Zealand and South Africa have lent their policies internationally to contribute to practical youth justice changes in countries seeking to adhere to international standards and to incorporate restorative justice principles. Significant contributions include New Zealand's family group conference, which has inspired several jurisdictions, as well as South Africa’s diversion programmes, which have particularly benefitted other African countries. Details: Wellington, NZ: Victoria University of Wellington, 2013. 255p. Source: Internet Resource: Dissertation: Accessed July 18, 2016 at: http://researcharchive.vuw.ac.nz/handle/10063/2872 Year: 2013 Country: New Zealand URL: http://researcharchive.vuw.ac.nz/handle/10063/2872 Shelf Number: 139652 Keywords: Juvenile Justice ReformJuvenile Justice SystemsNew ZealandSouth Africa |
Author: Mitchell, Y. Title: The Hate and Bias Crimes Monitoring Form Project, January 2013 - September 2017 Summary: At the inception of this project in 2013, the research team set out to document 900 (for methodological reasons) cases of hate crime, hate speech, and intentional unfair discrimination covering a wide range of vulnerable marginalised, or historically marginalised, sectors of society. The geographic scope of the project included five provinces in South Africa, namely the Eastern Cape, Gauteng, KwaZulu-Natal, Limpopo, and Western Cape. By September 2017, 1061 cases had been documented, 945 of which were retained for analysis. In this research report, we reflect on factors that enabled or hampered data gathering using the Hate Crimes Monitoring Form; we report the key findings from the longitudinal study; and we make recommendations based on these findings. Between January 2013 and February 2017, more than 150 individual volunteers or members of staff representing at least 85 organisations were trained in the use of the Monitoring Form for the purpose of gathering data about the types of hate crimes that are being perpetrated in South Africa and the impact thereof on our society. This training drive resulted in the successful uptake of the Monitoring Form in a few organisations which are now able to monitor and record hate crimes within their constituencies. However the majority of service providers were unable to integrate the use of the Form into their operations, resulting in recording far fewer cases than expected and the skewing of the data towards only a few vulnerable sectors. Challenges in the data gathering process were categorised broadly as institutional (relating to case intake procedures and organisational capacity restrictions); individual (relating to the willingness of participants to disclose information); and instrumental (relating to difficulties experienced in the use of the Form itself). Nonetheless useful information emerged from the analysis of the available data and we were able to highlight a number of pertinent findings. Key among these findings is that prejudice is rife in our communities across all socio-economic levels and that it facilitates discrimination and ultimately the dehumanisation that preludes and accompanies hate crime. Details: Johannesburg, South Africa: The Hate Crimes Working Group, 2018. 30p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed January 12, 2019 at: http://hcwg.org.za/wp-content/uploads/2018/02/Report-Hate-Bias-Crimes-Monitoring-Form-Project-SCREEN.pdf Year: 2017 Country: South Africa URL: https://genderjustice.org.za/publication/hate-bias-crimes-monitoring-project-form-report/ Shelf Number: 154076 Keywords: Bias Crime Discrimination Hate Crime Hate Crimes Monitoring Forum Hate Speech Longitudinal Study Prejudice South Africa |
Author: Global Financial Integrity Title: South Africa: Potential Revenue Losses Associated with Trade Misinvoicing Summary: Executive Summary This report analyzes South Africa's bilateral trade statistics for 2010 - 2014 (the most recent years for which sufficient data are available) which are published by the United Nations (Comtrade). The detailed breakdown of bilateral South African trade flows allowed for the computation of trade value gaps that are the basis for trade misinvoicing estimates. Import gaps represent the difference between the value of goods South Africa reports having imported from its partner countries and the corresponding export reports by South Africa's trade partners. Export gaps represent the difference in value between what South Africa reports as having exported and what its partners report as imported. Analysis of trade misinvoicing in South Africa from 2010-2014 shows that the potential loss of revenue to the government is $7.4 billion annually or, a total of $37 billion during the period. The average portion of revenue lost due to import misinvoicing each year is $4.8 billion. This amount can be further divided into its component parts: uncollected VAT tax ($2.1 billion), customs duties ($596 million), and corporate income tax ($2.1 billion). Lost revenue due to misinvoiced exports was $2.6 billion on average each year which is related to lower than expected corporate income and royalties. The study also examined trade data from the South African Revenue Service in order to conduct an in-depth examination of import under-invoicing. This process analyzed approximately 7.4 million trade transactions which included more than 8,200 commodity types for the period 2010-2015. A key conclusion is that goods categories with a preponderance of under-invoicing tend to be associated with higher effective tax rates than other classes of imports. The data show that the top five categories for potential revenue loss related to import under-invoicing are machinery, knitted apparel, electrical machinery, non-knitted apparel, and vehicles. Three of these commodities (machinery, electrical machinery, and vehicles) are among the most commonly imported goods into South Africa. Trade misinvoicing occurs in four ways: under-invoicing of imports or exports, and over-invoicing of imports or exports. In the case of import under-invoicing fewer VAT taxes and customs duties are collected due to the lower valuation of goods. When import over-invoicing occurs (i.e. when companies pay more than would normally be expected for a product), corporate revenues are lower and therefore less income tax is paid. In export under-invoicing the exporting company collects less revenue than would be anticipated and therefore reports lower income. Thus, it pays less income tax. Corporate royalties are also lower. Total misinvoicing gaps related to imports can be broken down by under-invoicing ($16.3 billion) and over-invoicing ($9.8 billion). It should be noted that these figures represent the estimated value of the gap between what was reported by South Africa and its trading partners. The loss in government revenue is a subset of these amounts and is based on VAT tax rates (12.9 percent), 2 Global Financial Integrity customs duties (3.7 percent), corporate income taxes (21.7 percent), and royalties (1 percent) which are then applied to the value gap. Export misinvoicing gaps were $11.6 billion for export under-invoicing and $8.6 billion for export over-invoicing. Lost corporate income taxes and royalties are then applied to export under-invoicing amounts to calculate lost government revenue. The practice of trade misinvoicing has become normalized in many categories of international trade. It is a major contributor to poverty, inequality, and insecurity in emerging market and developing economies. The social cost attendant to trade misinvoicing undermines sustainable growth in living standards and exacerbates inequities and social divisions, issues which are critical in South Africa today. Details: Washington, DC: Global Financial Integrity, 2018. 30p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed February 8. 2019 at: https://www.gfintegrity.org/report/south-africa-potential-revenue-losses-associated-with-trade-misinvoicing/ Year: 2018 Country: South Africa URL: https://www.gfintegrity.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/South-Africa-Report-2018.pdf Shelf Number: 154289 Keywords: Custom DutiesFinancial CrimesFinancial FraudRevenue LossesSouth AfricaTax FraudTrade MisinvoicingUnderinvoicing |
Author: Urban-Econ Development Economists Pty Ltd Title: Car Guard/ Watch Industry Consumer Survey 2018 Summary: Introduction Urban-Econ Development Economists were commissioned by the Private Security Industry Regulatory Authority (PSiRA) to conduct a survey of consumers throughout South Africa that utilise car guard or watch services and entities that employ car watch services at their facilities. The purpose of the research study is to survey the consumers of the car guard or car watch industry in terms of the level of satisfaction for services rendered, their knowledge of the requirements of compliance and the impact this has on their safety and security. The research findings are based on primary data collected during the surveys, from which certain recommendations have been provided for the PSiRA and the security industry. Project Brief The outcome of the study is focused on providing an analysis of consumer knowledge regarding the security compliance requirements by PSiRA and the overall impact that car guards have on safety and security. Therefore, in order to obtain relevant information, questionnaires were circulated to consumers that utilise car guard/ watch services throughout South Africa to gain valuable input from these individuals or entities. Details: Pretoria, South Africa: Urban-Econ Development Economists Pty Ltd, 2018. 50p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed March 17, 2019 at: https://www.psira.co.za/psira/dmdocuments/research/PSiRA%20Car%20Guard%20Report%20(003).pdf Year: 2018 Country: South Africa URL: https://www.psira.co.za/psira/dmdocuments/research/PSiRA%20Car%20Guard%20Report%20(003).pdf Shelf Number: 154991 Keywords: Car GuardsPublic SafetyPublic SecuritySouth AfricaWatch Service |
Author: Netshivhuyu, Daniel Title: The Private Eye Under the Microscope: Towards the Effective Regulations of the Private Investigation Industry within the South African Private Security Industry Summary: As at 22nd September 2017, 546 private investigators were registered with the Private Security Industry Regulatory Authority (PSiRA). PSiRA's role is to regulate the private security industry and to exercise effective control over the practice of occupation of security service provider in the public and national interest and in the interest of the industry. This study shows that the South African private security industry is evolving as private investigators are gaining recognition in the industry. Previously there was a misconception that private investigators were specifically known for doing surveillances for spouses who suspected their partners of cheating. Although this is part of the work that private investigators do, people now hire them for other reasons for example corporate cases. The growth of private investigation industry in South Africa has led to certain individuals taking advantage of this by posing as private investigators and defrauding people of their money. By law, practitioners trading as private investigators must register with PSiRA. The findings of the study show that many registered private investigators were displeased with rogue private investigators that were defrauding clients of their money. This reflects negatively on the private investigation industry and legitimate private investigators which are labelled as fraudsters. The general public does not know of the requirements that private investigators must have in order to practice as private investigators. This can be linked to the fact that PSiRA arguably has not been very active in regulating the private investigation industry. The report looks at the need of how PSiRA can actively take part in the growth of the private security industry and how to better monitor private investigators who are practicing in South Africa. The report also makes recommendations on how departments within PSiRA can actively take part in the monitoring and regulation of private investigators. In doing so it decreases the chances of having rogue private investigators claiming to be private investigators defraud people of their money. In turn this brings dignity to the industry of private investigators and public trust to legitimate private investigators. The report also looks at the need to have rogue private investigators brought to book because all too often nothing happens to them once they have been reported. Recommendations have been made in this report on how to effectively regulate the private investigation industry especially with regards to consumers right and the PSiRA code of conduct. This is vital because it will protect vulnerable people from falling victim to people who want to defraud them of their money. It will also prevent emotional turmoil whereby people's money will not be wrongfully taken from them. Finances have a huge impact on people's lives taking into consideration that life mostly revolves around money. The report also makes recommendations on the standards of private investigation training. All too often people think they can be private investigators because the public does not know that there are requirements that need to be met before becoming a private investigator. There also needs to be constant monitoring by PSiRA inspectors on private investigators in order to establish if they are still complying with the laws of regulations of private investigators. Details: Pretoria, South Africa: Private Security Industry Regulatory Authority, 2018. 28p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed March 17, 2019 at: https://www.psira.co.za/psira/dmdocuments/research/Private_investigations_web.pdf Year: 2018 Country: South Africa URL: https://www.psira.co.za/psira/dmdocuments/research/Private_investigations_web.pdf Shelf Number: 154993 Keywords: Defrauding Clients Investigation Industry Oversight Private Investigation Private Investigation Training Private Investigators Private Security Industry South Africa |
Author: Demacon Title: PSIRA Private Security Intermediary Survey Summary: DEMACON Market Studies were commissioned by PSIRA (Private Security Industry Regulatory Authority) to undertake consumer surveys to attain a better understanding of the utilisation of intermediary security providers. Four types of intermediary security providers were identified by the client: - Labour Brokers - Independent Contractors - Co-operatives - Security Learnerships The purpose of this report is to reflect on the findings attained via the set of consumer surveys undertaken nationally across the provinces. Details: Pretoria, South Africa: DEMACON, 2018. 50p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed March 17, 2019 at: https://www.psira.co.za/psira/dmdocuments/research/DEMACON%20PSIRA%20Private%20Security%20Intermediary%20Survey_December_2018_PSIRA%20LOGO%20in%20Legend.pdf Year: 2018 Country: South Africa URL: https://www.psira.co.za/psira/dmdocuments/research/DEMACON%20PSIRA%20Private%20Security%20Intermediary%20Survey_December_2018_PSIRA%20LOGO%20in%20Legend.pdf Shelf Number: 154992 Keywords: Intermediary Security Providers Private Security Private Security Industry South Africa |
Author: Gumedze, Sabelo, ed. Title: Sworn to Protect and Defend: Close Protection within the South African Private Security Industry Summary: The number of registered businesses specializing in close protection in South Africa currently stands at 2, 465. These businesses employ a considerable number of security officers. As part of the private security industry, the close protection sub-industry has become a force to be reckoned with. Despite this high number of businesses providing close protection services, only 225 were inspected during the financial year 2015/16, thus casting a doubt on whether this industry is effectively regulated and controlled by the Authority. The study found that close protection is a specialized type of security service which takes more than just a PSiRA Grade C, which is the current minimum requirement for becoming a close protection officer. The Grade C training is just too basic as it only deals with access control on higher risk and supervision of lower grade security officers. The level of discipline and expertise required of a close protection officer could in no way be equated to a PSiRA Grade C holder. This report underscores the need for a re-look at this specialized field of private security. It emphasizes the importance of developing regulatory frameworks that would be specifically addressing the close protection industry in South Africa. In doing so it makes a case for professionalizing the industry, which was arguably a subject of neglect in so far as PSiRA was concerned. The existence of unregistered close protection officers as well as the "exportation" of close protection services in contravention with the South African law is quite alarming. The need for PSiRA inspectors to understand the industry is important for purposes of ensuring compliance within the industry. The study found it disturbing that there is no legal definition for close protection. This becomes an issue as anyone wishing to be in the industry can participate, sometimes without the necessary training requirements and with the use of illegal firearms. It is equally disturbing that the industry is still male and white dominated after more than two decades since South Africa became democratic. This is an indictment of the Authority, whose mandate is to encourage the ownership and control of security businesses by persons historically disadvantaged through unfair discrimination, and to promote the empowerment and advancement of persons who were historically disadvantaged through unfair discrimination in the private security industry. As informed by the study conducted on the subject matter, the report makes recommendations that are pertinent to ensuring that the Authority effectively regulates and controls the close protection industry. For instance, there is a proposition that regulations for the close protection industry be developed in order to ensure compliance. The "fit and proper" test which is a requirement for registering as a security service provider must be of a higher standard than an ordinary PSiRA Grade-C holder. The need for professionalizing the close protection industry cannot be overemphasized. Largely, this has to do with ensuring high training standards for would-be close protection officers. Professionalizing the close protection industry is also linked to ensuring that close protection officers have integrity and are trustworthy. The report also recommends effective inspections of close protection businesses and an establishment of close protection submit within the PSiRA. Details: Pretoria, South Africa: Private Security Industry Regulatory Authority, 2017. 24p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed March 17, 2019 at: https://www.psira.co.za/psira/dmdocuments/research/PSIRA_Sworn_to_Protect_and_Defend_web_version_(1).pdf Year: 2017 Country: South Africa URL: https://www.psira.co.za/psira/dmdocuments/research/PSIRA_Sworn_to_Protect_and_Defend_web_version_(1).pdf Shelf Number: 154998 Keywords: Close Protection Services Private Security Security Officers Security Service South Africa |
Author: Gumedze, Sabelo, ed. Title: The Barrel of the Gun: Improving the Regulation and Control of the Use of Firearms within the Private Security Industry in South Africa Summary: The total number of private security businesses with firearm licenses currently stands at 3,345. The total number of firearms licensed to the private security businesses stands at 101,623. The number of PSiRA inspectors in charge of ensuring compliance with the law stands at 65. Given these figures, this report seeks to find ways on how best the regulation and control of the use of firearms within the private security industry could be improved. Underscoring the fact that currently PSiRA cannot effectively regulate and control the use of firearms within the industry, it can, however, make a contribution towards effective regulation and control in collaboration with the Central Firearms Registry. The need for increased firearms regulation and control within the private security industry cannot be overemphasized. This report highlights the fact that whilst PSiRA has a critical role to play in assisting with the control of firearms within the private security industry, the ultimate control responsibility lies solely with the Central Firearms Registry, which is responsible for considering firearms license applications as well as monitoring compliance in terms of the Firearms Control Act. This means that PSiRA can only do so much within its means and competences. Acknowledging the dearth of literature on the use of firearms in the private security sector, this report nevertheless raises some of the challenges faced by PSiRA in so far as the regulation and control of the use of firearms in the private security sector is concerned. The report underscores the need for PSiRA to brace itself for an industry that is not only growing at an exponential rate, but an industry which is in possession of more than a hundred licensed firearms. The 62 inspectors who are responsible for ensuring compliance in terms of the private security businesses with licensed firearms are generally not competent in handling firearms. The report points to the need for the enactment of regulations that will specifically address the use of firearms within the private security sector. This is also in line with the Private Security Industry Regulation Amendment Act, 2013, which will be in operation in the not too distant future. The regulations should also take into consideration the new amendments which are currently proposed for the Firearms Control Act. The report highlights some of the current challenges faced by PSiRA, such as non-compliance in the possession and use of firearms, non-inspection of firearms training centres, inaccuracy of and accessibility to the Central Firearms Registry (CFR) database, and losses of firearms in the private security industry. In order to improve the regulation and control of the use of firearms within the private security industry, the report recommends the following: that information must be shared between the CFR and PSiRA; that PSiRA inspectors must be trained and be competent to handle firearms; that firearms training centres must be registered with PSiRA and subject to its inspections; and that PSiRA must register and keep a register of firearms within the private security industry. Details: Pretoria, South Africa: Private Security Industry Regulatory Authority, 2016. 34p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed March 17, 2019 at: https://www.psira.co.za/psira/dmdocuments/research/ResearchReport-Barrel_of_the_Gun.pdf Year: 2016 Country: South Africa URL: https://www.psira.co.za/psira/dmdocuments/research/ResearchReport-Barrel_of_the_Gun.pdf Shelf Number: 154999 Keywords: Central Firearms Registry Firearm Licenses Firearms Firearms License Application Gun Control Private Security Private Security Industry Shooting Range South Africa |
Author: Keikelame, Johannah Title: Mpathekoombi, ya bantu abadala: elder abuse in black townships on the Cape Flats Summary: This report describes an exploratory, qualitative study conducted on the Cape Flats to investigate elder abuse in Xhosa-speaking communnities. The study was conducted in partnership with the Ikamva Labantu Project. The research findings presented in the report will be disseminated in a workshop to be held in Guguletu on 15 March 2000. Details: S.L., Human Sciences Research Council, 2000. 29p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed May 31, 2019 at: http://www.hsrc.ac.za/en/research-outputs/view/2842 Year: 2000 Country: South Africa URL: http://repository.hsrc.ac.za/handle/20.500.11910/6353 Shelf Number: 156131 Keywords: Community Engagement Elder Abuse Emotional Abuse Family Violence Financial Abuse Physical Abuse Qualitative Study Sexual Abuse South Africa |
Author: Corruption Watch Title: Asylum at a Price: How Corruption Impacts Those Seeking Legal Protection in South Africa Summary: If corruption is understood as the abuse of public power for private gain, then it's not surprising that the acute power imbalance between a refugee and the layers of officialdom who determine, literally, his or her place in the world is manifest in rampant corruption. From the minute the refugee or asylum seeker approaches the border he or she confronts officials, and frequently private citizens, who man one or another proverbial gate through which the person must pass. These gatekeepers vary from the security guard who extracts R100 for allowing the refugee to literally enter the gate of the documentation centre, to the Department of Home Affairs official who is custodian of that vital final stamp and whose fee is often measured in thousands of rands. Our general approach to combating corruption is to encourage the public to report their experiences of corruption to us. While we act on these reports in a variety of ways, the result is most effective when we meet officials and a government department genuinely committed to working with us to resolve the individual reported cases and the systemic factors that underpin them. This project simply directs this request to the refugee communities and to the government agencies with which they are obliged to engage. Even though we guarantee the anonymity of those who report to us, refugees and asylum seekers are understandably hesitant. However, with the assistance of our partners, many of whom have established relationships of trust with affected communities, the volume of reports we have received from refugees has spiked. Our simple request to the Department of Home Affairs is that they work with us to establish a complaints handling mechanism to facilitate the reporting of corruption by refugees and asylum seekers. And then to agree to an internal process for receiving these reports from us. This doesn't require extra resources from the department. Mutual empathy with the plight of the most vulnerable members of our society is all that is needed. Details: Johannesburg, South Africa: Corruption Watch, 2016. 34p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed July 19, 2019 at: https://www.corruptionwatch.org.za/wp-content/uploads/2016/11/Project-Lokisa-revised-Pg16-22Nov20161.pdf Year: 2016 Country: South Africa URL: https://www.corruptionwatch.org.za/wp-content/uploads/2016/11/Project-Lokisa-revised-Pg16-22Nov20161.pdf Shelf Number: 156818 Keywords: Asylum Seeker Corruption Refugees South Africa |